设备管理与维修

1. 循环肿瘤细胞检测技术的发展现状及展望
张惠静， 毕颖楠， 郝敦玲
（第三军医大学医学检验系分析化学教研室，重庆 400038）

摘 要：循环肿瘤细胞（Circulating Tumor Cells，CTCs）存在于肿瘤患者外周血中，特异、敏感地检测CTCs对肿瘤患者的预后评价和临床的个体化治疗均有重要意义。该文在综述CTCs的富集、筛选和鉴定技术的基础之上，对微流控芯片技术在这一领域的应用做了重点阐述。

关键词：循环肿瘤细胞；检测；微流控芯片
中图分类号：R730.23；Q2-33 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0001-04

The development and prospect of circulating tumour cells detection
ZHANG Hui-jing， BI Ying-nan， HAO Dun-ling
（Department of Analytical Chemistry，Faculty of Laboratory Medicine，The third Military
Medical University，Chongqing 400038，China）

Abstract: Circulating tumor cells （CTCs） exist in peripheral blood of tumor patients. To detect CTCs specifically and sensitively is important to prognosis evaluation and individual therapy for the tumor patients. This review overviews the enriching， screening and identifying technology of CTCs， and particularly represents the application of microfluidic chip technology in this domain.

Key words: circulating tumor cells； detection； microfluidic chip

2. 材料热物性测试的研究现状及发展需求
陈桂生， 廖 艳， 曾亚光， 付志勇, 邓丽娟
（设备管理与维修技术研究院，四川 成都 610021）

摘 要：材料热物性是对特定热过程进行基础研究、分析计算和工程设计的关键参数，是材料最基本的性能之一，在科学研究、工程设计、工业生产等领域应用十分广泛，也是各行业节能技术发展的基础。通过对材料热物性发展历史、国内外研究现状的分析，比较了我国与发达国家在防护热板法导热系数装置研究上的差距，阐明了热物性测试的重要意义及我国在材料热物性测试领域仍未建全量值传递体系的不足。

关键词：材料热物性；防护热板法；导热系数；热学微系统；标准物质；量值传递体系
中图分类号：O551.3；TK121 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0005-04

Development requirements and research status of thermal physical properties testing
CHEN Gui-sheng， LIAO Yan， ZENG Ya-guang， FU Zhi-yong， DENG Li-juan
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610021，China）

Abstract: Thermal physical properties of materials are the key parameters for study， analysis and engineering design of special thermal process. As the most basic characteristics of materials， thermal physical properties are widely used in scientific research， engineer design and industrial production field. They are also the basis for developing energy-saving technology in industry. In this paper， thermal properties’ development history and current research progress were introduced. The difference of research on the guarded hot-plate device for thermal conductivity measurement between developed countries and China was compared. The importance of thermal properties testing was clarified. Finally， the necessity of our country to establish full value transfer system in thermal properties testing field was discussed.

Key words: thermal physical properties of material； guarded hot plate apparatus； thermal conductivity； thermal micro-system； reference materials； value transfer system

3. 雷达天线运动参数的自动测量
初晓军， 王 勇， 冯电春
（海军航空工程学院青岛分院，山东 青岛 266041）

摘 要：为了自动测量某型雷达天线运动参数（天线俯仰运动范围、方位扇扫范围、方位扇扫速度、天线圆扫速度等），该文搭建了由工业控制计算机、PXI模块化仪器和自动测试软件组成的自动测试系统（ATS）。该系统利用PXI-6704数模变换器发送天线运动控制指令，运用FPGA XC3090A测量天线运动参数，通过PXI-8420串行总线模块回传给工控机，并给出了运动参数的计算方法和误差分析。实际应用表明，该方法提高了自动检测水平和测量结果的准确性、实时性，不仅为雷达设备的自动测试提供了通用的设计方法，而且可为其他电子设备自动测试系统的组建提供有益的借鉴。

关键词：天线俯仰；扇扫；天线圆扫；自动测量；FPGA XC3090A；工业控制计算机；自动测试系统
中图分类号：TN820.1+7；TP274+.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0009-03
Automatic testing of radar’s antenna scanning parameter
CHU Xiao-jun， WANG Yong， FENG Dian-chun
（Qingdao Branch of Naval Aeronautical Engineering Academy，Qingdao 266041，China）

Abstract: An automatic testing system （ATS） was established for the automatic measurement of radar antenna moving parameters， such as antenna tilt range， azimuth sector range， azimuth sector sweep velocity， antenna circle sweep velocity， and so on. The ATS is consisted of an Industrial Control Computer（ICC）， PXI modular instruments and automatic measurement software. The ATS sent out the command induction by PXI-6704 ADC， and measured the radar antenna moving parameters by FPGA XC3090A. Futhermore， the ATS sent feedback to the ICC by PXI-8420 series bus interface， and gave the calculation method and error analysis. Practical testing results indicated that the system not only improved the measurement efficiency and accuracy， but also the real time processing of the measuring results. The system not only provides the universal technique for the development of radar ATS， but also a valuable reference for the engineering application of other electronic equipment in our nation.

Key words: antenna tilt； sector sweep； circle sweep； automatic measure； FPGA XC3090A； industrial control computer； automatic test system

4. 双纵模He-Ne激光单模干涉在大尺寸测量中的研究
吴 斌， 喻洪平， 莫 莉
（成都大学工业制造学院，四川 成都 610106）

摘 要：采用双纵模热稳频He-Ne激光作为光源，其拍波波长作为测量大尺寸的基准，可实现大尺寸零件的精密测量。在前期研究的基础上利用其两个单模干涉实现整数倍拍波波长被测长度的确定，解决了该段长度测量精度难题，并利用激光单模干涉实现不足一个拍波波长长度的测量。该方法可实现对大尺寸工件几何尺寸的现场测量，并具有较高的精度。

关键词：大尺寸；热稳频；拍波波长；单模干涉
中图分类号：TN248.2+1；TH741.1 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0012-03

Study on precise measurement technology for large dimensions based on two
longitudinal mode He-Ne laser with single-mode interferometry
WU Bin， YU Hong-ping， MO Li
（School of Manufacturing Science，Chengdu University，Chengdu 610106，China）

Abstract: By using two-longitudinal mode He-Ne Laser with stable thermal frequency as light source， and its pat wavelength as measuring basis， the measurement for the length of integral pat wavelengths was achieved by two single-mode interferometry on the basis of our previous study. By this way， the accuracy problem of the measurement for this wavelelength range was resolved. In addition， the measurement for the length less than one pat wavelength can be realized by a single-mode interferometry. This method can measure the geometric dimensions of large size workpieces on site with high accuracy.

Key words: large dimension； thermal frequency stabilization； pat wavelength； single-mode interferometry

5. 汽车排放检测时测功机控制算法研究
李树珉， 高 睿， 马 效， 白云川， 王彦锋
（军事交通学院汽车工程系，天津 300161）

摘 要：为了在进行汽车排放检测时使底盘测功机更准确地模拟出发动机的行驶工况，对工况法汽车排放检测控制系统进行了控制对象分析，针对汽车——测功机系统非线性、时滞大的特点，结合PID控制与神经网络算法的优点，设计了用于测功机控制的基于多层网的近似PID控制算法，并用Matlab对该算法和常规PID控制算法分别进行了仿真。对比结果表明，该算法的控制效果好于常规PID控制算法。

关键词：底盘测功机；电涡流测功器；神经网络；PID；控制算法
中图分类号：U279.3；TH871.7 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0015-03

Study of dynamometer control algorithm in inspecting of vehicle emission
LI Shu-min， GAO Rui， MA Xiao， BAI Yun-chuan， WANG Yan-feng
（Automobil Engineering Department，Academy of Military Transportation，Tianjin 300161，China）

Abstract: In order to simulate the running status of the engine more accurately during vehicle’s emission inspection，this paper analyzed the control objects of vehicle’s emission inspection system in driving mode. Based on the non-linear and long time delay characteristics of vehicle dynamometer system and the advantages of PID controller and nerve network（NN） algorithm， a PID-NN control algorithm was proposed for the controlling of dynamometer. The simulation results obtained by Matlab indicated that the control performance of the new algorithm is better than conventional PID algorithm．

Key words: chassis dynamometer； eddy current dynamometer； nerve network； PID； control algorithm

6. 砝码磁化率对其折算质量值的影响及量化分析
薛 靓， 陈雪松， 曾 波， 党正强， 曹 英
（设备管理与维修技术研究院，四川 成都 610021）

摘 要：随着电子天平的广泛采用，砝码的磁性对质量测量的影响越来越引起重视。该文介绍了砝码磁化率的概念、测量方法和测量原理，重点阐述了砝码磁化率对其折算质量测量的影响及量化分析，得出了磁化率对质量影响程度的结论。

关键词：砝码；磁化率；折算质量；影响；量化分析
中图分类号：TH715.1+16；TM930.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0018-03

Influence of conventional mass by weight susceptibility and measurement analyzing of it
XUE Liang， CHEN Xue-song， ZENG Bo， DANG Zheng-qiang， CAO Ying
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610021，China）

Abstract: Along with extensive applications of electronic balances， the influence of weight susceptibility on mass measurement receives more and more attention. In this paper， the concept of weight susceptibility and its determination methods and principles were introduced. The influence of conventional mass by weight susceptibility and its measurement were described as the emphasis. The conclusion of the influence degree of susceptibility on mass was provided.

Key words: weight； susceptibility； conventional mass； influence； measurement analyzing

7. 基于多元线性回归分析的风机噪声预测的研究
徐冠基， 柏 林， 刘小峰， 董鹏飞
（重庆大学测试中心，重庆 400030）

摘 要：研究了IEC 61400-11风力发电机组声学噪声测量技术标准，针对风力发电机组噪声测量过程复杂且易受外界干扰的问题，提出了采用多元线性回归分析的方法对风力发电机组噪声的声压级进行预测。通过较易实现的参数的测量，建立回归方程，用最小二乘法求取回归系数，最终建立了风力发电机组噪声声压级预测的模型。将模型应用于实际测试过程中，效果良好。

关键词：风力发电机组；声学噪声；声压级；多元线性回归分析；最小二乘法；显著性检验
中图分类号：O241.5；TK83 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0021-03

Research on noise prediction of wind turbine based on multiple linear regression analysis
XU Guan-ji， BO Lin， LIU Xiao-feng， DONG Peng-fei
（Test Center，Chongqing University，Chongqing 400030，China）

Abstract: A novel measurement and analysis method of noise emission assessments and verifications were investigated for IEC 61400-11 wind turbine generator system. Because the noise measurement process of wind turbine is complex and easily interfered by external environment， a method based on multiple linear regression analysis for the noise prediction was proposed. With the parameters easily to be measured， a least square regression equation was constructed. Using the regression coefficients of the model， a model for predicting the noise of wind turbine was established. The test results show that the model is applicable for practical applications.

Key words: wind turbine generator system； acoustic noise； sound pressure level； multiple linear regression analysis； least square method； significance test

8. 基于变窗函数方法的频率检测技术研究
文超斌， 李世平， 刘如峰， 宋 兵
（第二炮兵工程学院，陕西 西安 710025）

摘 要：针对常用的频谱校正技术检测短记录信号时受负频谱的泄露干涉影响而难以应用这一技术瓶颈，提出了基于变窗函数方法的一套显式全新测频方法，并采用仿真手段对提出的方法进行研究、考核。结果表明，采用Rectangular窗、Hanning窗、Blanckman窗进行组合得出的3个频率计算公式测频绝对误差均在10-4倍频率分辨率数量级。并且运用该方法不用考虑被测信号中直流分量的影响，虽然当CiR小于0.5时误差随频率下降而增加，但这足以满足工程实践的需要。确认频率计算公式涉及到的奇点效应是引起误差变大的主要原因，只要适时调整分析样本数这一效应就能够得到很好地避免。

关键词：频率检测；频谱校正；变窗函数；短记录
中图分类号：TP391.9；TM935.21 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0024-05

Frequency detection technique based on variable window function methodWEN Chao-bin， LI Shi-ping， LIU Ru-feng， SONG Bing
（The Second Artillery Engineering College，Xi’an 710025，China）

Abstract: Generally， common spectrum correction technology can not be used to detect low frequency signals because of the influence of the negative frequency Spectrum Leakage intervention. To address this problem， a novel explicit frequency detection approach based on variable window function method was proposed. The simulation and assessing results show that： The absolute errors of the frequency using Rectangular，Hanning and Blanckman windows are all on the level of 10- 4 times of the frequency resolution. This method can meet the project requirement without considering the influence of DC signal's， although the error increases with frequency declining when CiR is lesser than 0.5. Singular point effect in frequency calculation formula， which enlarges the error， can be avoided by adjusting the sample number.

Key words: frequency detection； spectrum correction； variable window function； short record
9. 基于中频数字化平台的脉冲波形参数测量研究
邓 波， 王厚军， 王志刚
（电子科技大学，四川 成都 610054）

摘 要：在雷达侦察系统中，为了能够在复杂的电磁环境中实现对雷达进行准确识别和定位，设计了基于中频数字化平台，对输入的脉冲包络信号在现场可编程门阵列中实现其参数测量，避免使用乘法器等需要占用大量资源的模块，节约硬件资源的同时也缩短了运行时间，具有良好的实时性和较高的测量精度，可以用于后续DSP算法实现对目标雷达的识别和定位。

关键词：脉冲参数测量；幅度；脉冲到达时间；脉冲宽度；上升时间
中图分类号：TN79；TM935.4 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0029-03

Pulse waveform parameter measurement based on intermediate frequency digital platform
DENG Bo， WANG Hou-jun， WANG Zhi-gang
（University of Electronic Science and Technology of China，Chengdu 610054，China）

Abstract: A new design in radar reconnaissance system was developed for real-time measuring the waveform parameter of the pulse envelop launched by radar system from the enemy side. The design is developed based on intermediate frequency digital platform and provides high measurement accuracy. In addition, the design does not need resource-cost elements, for example multiplier, thus the operation time is effectively shortened and the function of real-time measuring the wave parameter of the input wave envelop in FPGA can be realized. Owing to these advantages, the proposed design can be used for latter DSP arithmetic design, which aims at identifying and orienting target radar.

Key words: pulse parameter measurement； amplitude； pulse arrival time； pulse width； rise time

10. 化学实验室认证认可与质量控制
谭和平， 陈能武， 张云嫦
（设备管理与维修技术研究院，四川 成都 610021）

摘 要：对实验室认证认可及其重要性进行了简要概述，并结合ISO/IEC 17025：2005《检测和校准实验室能力认可准则》，从内部质量控制和外部质量控制两个方面对化学实验室质量控制的关键要素进行了详细阐述。为化学实验室认证认可活动的开展，检测服务质量的提升，社会认知度和信任度的提高，实验室质量责任风险的降低提供了参考。

关键词：认证；认可；内部质量控制；外部质量控制；实验室
中图分类号：F273.1；TB99 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0032-04

Certification and acceditation and quality control for chemical laboratoriesTAN He-ping， CHEN Neng-wu， ZHANG Yun-chang
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610021，China）

Abstract: The certification and accreditation of laboratory and its importance were briefly introduced in this paper. According to Accreditation Criteria for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories（ISO/IEC 17025：2005），the critical points were summarized in detail for controlling chemical laboratory quality from both internal and external side. This paper provides a reference for carrying out the certification and accreditation activities， improving the quality of testing services，increasing social awareness and reducing the risk of laboratory quality responsibility of chemical laboratory.

Key words: certification； acceditation； internal quality control； external quality control； laboratory

11. 微生物燃料电池阳极系统的最新研究进展
张 玲, 彭蜀君, 叶路生, 毛翔洲, 谢 晴, 但德忠
（四川大学建筑与环境学院，四川 成都 610065）

摘 要：微生物燃料电池技术目前取得了突破性的进展，并迅速成为废水处理的热点。该文介绍了微生物燃料电池的工作原理和电子传递途径，并结合近期研究成果，重点评述了微生物燃料电池中阳极系统的研究状况，对阳极特性、产电微生物的种类、阳极生物膜驯化方式等三个方面进行了评价，提出了目前阳极研究中存在的问题以及未来的研究重点和方向。

关键词：微生物燃料电池；污水处理；阳极系统；产电微生物
中图分类号：TP212.3；TK6 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0036-05

Recent progress of anodic system in microbial fuel cells
ZHANG Ling， PENG Shu-jun， YE Lu-sheng， MAO Xiang-zhou， XIE Qing， DAN De-zhong
（College of Architecture and Environment，Sichuan University，Chengdu 610065，China）
Abstract: Microbial fuel cell technology has become an attractive field with breakthrough developments. The principles of MFC and electron transfer mechanism were briefly introduced， and the research progress in anodic system of MFC was reviewed as an emphasis. The three aspects including anodic characters， the main species of electro-microorganism and biofilm acclimated modes were described. Furthermore， the existing issues and its development prospect were presented.

Key words: microbial fuel cell； wastewater treatment； anodic system； electro-microorganism

12. 两种快速细菌菌种鉴定方法的比较
姜艳彬， 王 海， 侯东军， 杨红菊， 李 颖， 于 雷
（中国动物疫病预防控制中心，北京 100125）

摘 要：采用Riboprinter全自动核糖体RNA指纹分析系统，进行了两株送测细菌的鉴定，同时与16S rDNA序列测定结合生理生化实验的方法进行比较。结果表明，两种方法均成功、快速地完成了送测菌株的鉴定，其分别为大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌。相比而言，Riboprinter系统更为简洁，可以在8 h内完成未知菌株的鉴定，最大化避免了其他因素对实验的影响，且在鉴定到种的基础上可以进一步分类，进行溯源分析。
关键词：分子生物学；菌种鉴定；Riboprinter系统；指纹分析；16S rDNA；理化性质
中图分类号：TH83；Q783.2 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0041-04

Comparison of two rapid bacteria strain identification methods
JIANG Yan-bin， WANG Hai， HOU Dong-jun， YANG Hong-ju， LI Ying， YU Lei
（China Animal Disease Control Center，Beijing 100125，China）

Abstract: Identification of two unknown strains was carried out in this study with two rapid identification methods. One is 16S rDNA sequence together with physiological and chemical characterizations and the other one is Dupont Qualicon Riboprinter system. The two strains are successfully identified by both methods and they are Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa， respectively. However， Riboprinter system， which can finish the identification in eight hours and reduce the influence from other factors in experiments， is easier and faster. Moreover， Riboprinter system can be used for further classification on the basis of species identification.

Key words: molecular biology； strain identification； riboprinter； fingerprinter； 16S rDNA； biochemical characterizations

13. SPE-GC/MS法测定有机氯、拟除虫菊酯和有机磷
谭 镭， 詹 雁， 徐超群
（四川省中医药科学院，四川 成都 610041）

摘 要：针对现今中药材普遍存在农药混合残留及中药材出口受限的问题，采用SPE与GC/MS联用法，选取常用药材白芷，测定其中3大类主要农药的残留量。测定结果表明，各组分的线性关系良好，相关系数为0.99～1.00，检出限为0.007～0.5 μg/mL，线性范围为0.05～5 μg/mL。该方法能满足中药材样品质量控制中3大类主要农药残留量的测定要求，可为以根入药的中药材中有机氯、有机磷和拟除虫菊酯这3种农药残留量的准确测定提供参考。

关键词：SPE-GC/MS方法；有机氯；有机磷；拟除虫菊酯；白芷
中图分类号：R282；TQ453.2 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0045-03

Determination of organochlorine, pyrethroid and organophosphate pesticides
in angelica by GC/MS coupled with
SPETAN Lei， ZHAN Yan， XU Chao-qun
（Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences，Chengdu 610041，China）

Abstract: Pesticide residues in Chinese herbal medicines lead to serious export sanction， and therefore their determination receives continuous attention. In this work，the determination of three main categories of pesticides in Chinese herbal medicines by SPE-GC/MS was reported， using Angelica dahurica（Fisch.ex Hoffm.） Bench. Et Hook. F.， one of the most frequently used medicinal herb，as an exmple. Experimental results showed satisfactory linear relationships for these pesticides in the concentration range of 0.05~5 μg/mL. The limits of quantification were determined in the range of 0.007~0.5 μg/mL. Thus，the method can meet the requirement for quality control of these pesticides in herbal medicines.

Key words: SPE-GC/MS； organochlorine； organophosphorus； pyrethroid； angelica dahurica

14. 多功能线纹尺自动测量装置研制
张 勇， 潘嘉声， 黄 稣， 卫作之， 陈伟琪
（广东省计量科学研究院，广东 广州 510405）

摘 要：针对目前标准钢卷尺、铟瓦水准标尺、数字水准仪条码尺测量过程中遇到的问题，基于激光干涉测长和图像处理技术对线纹间隔进行测量的原理，研制开发出了多功能线纹尺自动测量装置。探讨了数字水准仪条码尺的解码机理，分析了条码尺的编码图，对各公司生产的条码尺给出了校准方法，评估了整套装置的测量不确定度。实践证明，该装置能对多种高准确度的线纹计量器具进行有效检测。

关键词：线纹尺；图像处理；数字水准仪；条码尺；自动测量
中图分类号：TH821；TP273+.5 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0048-04

Develop auto test instrument for multi-function line scales
ZHANG Yong， PAN Jia-sheng， HUANG Su， WEI Zuo-zhi， CHEN Wei-qi
（Guangdong Institute of Metrology，Guangzhou 510405，China）

Abstract: At present, there are many difficulties in calibrating standard steel tapes, invar level rods, and digital level bar code rods. On the basis of length measurement by laser interference and image process technology, the auto test instrument has been developed for multi-function line scales through measuring the scale interval. The decode mechanism for digital level bar code rods and its coding chart were analyzed. The calibration method was established for all types of bar code rods calibrated with this instrument, and the measurement uncertainty was also evaluated. As well, the high class line scale can also be tested reliably with this instrument.

Key words: line scale； image process； digital level； bar code rod； auto measurement

15. 基于ARM的室内空气质量监测仪的设计
李 萍1， 苏燕辰1， 郭太春2
（1． 西南交通大学机械工程学院，四川 成都 610031； 2． 武汉铁路局武汉动车基地汉口动车所，湖北 武汉 430000）

摘 要：为了实现对甲醛、甲苯、水煤气、天然气、液化石油气和常见燃气的浓度进行实时监测，设计并实现了以ARM处理器S3C44B0x作为硬件核心，μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统为软件平台的室内有毒有害气体浓度实时监控的嵌入式系统。经过测试，该系统性能稳定，测量精度高，操作简单，功耗低，造价低，具有广阔的市场前景。

关键词：嵌入式；S3C44B0x处理器；μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统；气体监测
中图分类号：TP274；X851 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0052-03

Design of indoor air quality monitoring system based on ARM
LI Ping1， SU Yan-chen1， GUO Tai-chun2
（1. School of Mechanical Engineering，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031，China；2. Hankou EMU Depot，Wuhan EMU Base，Railways Bureau，Wuhan 430000，China）

Abstract: An indoor air quality monitoring system was designed for monitoring carcinogenic or combustible gases in life environment. This system can test gases such as formaldehyde， toluene， carbon monoxide， nature gas or liquefied petroleum gas（LPG）. In the embedded system， S3C44B0x is used as the core of its hardware and the real-time operating system μC/OS-Ⅱis used as software platform. Testing results showed that the director has many good characteristics， such as stable performance， high accuracy， simple operation， low power consumption and low cost， which make it a promising tool for practical application.

Key words: embedded system； S3C44B0x； μC/OS-Ⅱ； gas monitoring

16. 跨平台的虚拟仪器开发研究与实现
涂天佳， 王 见， 秦树人
（重庆大学测试中心，重庆 400044）

摘 要：为实现虚拟仪器经一次开发后便能流畅地运行在多个操作系统平台上，提出了虚拟仪器跨平台开发方案。方案将虚拟仪器技术同软件跨平台开发技术相结合，有效屏蔽了各操作系统平台间的差异，增强了虚拟仪器的适应能力。方案以主流系统Windows、Linux和WinCE为目标，采用基于Qt工具包C++语言编程，并实例实现一台跨平台虚拟式频谱分析仪。实验表明，该方案可行、可靠，且具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：虚拟仪器；跨平台；频谱分析；Qt工具包
中图分类号：TM935.21；TP311.5 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0055-03

Research and design of the development of virtual instrument based on multi-platform
TU Tian-jia， WANG Jian， QIN Shu-ren
（Test Center，Chongqing University，Chongqing 400044，China）

Abstract: In order to make the VI system developed on a certain operation system can run in other platforms properly， a new VI developing method that combines the concept of virtual device and software cross-platform technology is adopted. In the method， the difference among platforms can be shielded， thus the adaptability of the VI system is enhanced. The method uses Qt kit and C++ for programming and adapts to most popular running systems such as Windows， Linux and WinCE. Using this method， a virtual cross-platforms FFT instrument is succesfully realized. The reliable experiment results demonstrate that the method has wide application prospect.

Key words: virtual instrument； cross-platform； spectrum analyze； Qt kit

17. 双频感应井下仪器的通信及控制设计
马彦宇， 师奕兵， 李焱骏
（电子科技大学自动化工程学院，四川 成都 611731）

摘 要：针对双频感应井下仪器控制时序复杂、地下环境多变的特点，设计了一种基于“CPU+FPGA”的控制及通信电路，实现了双频感应测井仪稳定的时序控制和数据通信。在FPGA中实现了曼彻斯特编解码、温度电压测量时序控制，在CPU中实现了整个测井仪器的时序控制、命令译码和处理、数据打包和缓存发送。经实践表明，该设计的时序控制可靠，与上位机通信稳定，满足了产品设计要求。

关键词：双频感应测井；时序控制；曼彻斯特编解码；上位机通信
中图分类号：TM930.1；TP277 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0058-04

Design of communication and control circuit for dual-frequency induction logging tools
MA Yan-yu， SHI Yi-bing， LI Yan-jun
（School of Automation Engineering，University of Electronic Science and Technology of China，Chengdu 611731，China）

Abstract: As timing control for dual-frequency induction logging tools was very complex， the communication circuits was designed on the basis of CPU+FPGA， which met the needs of stably timing control and data communications. The Manchester coding and decoding， timing measurement and control of temperature and voltage were designed in FPGA. The timing control of the logging instrument， command decoding and processing， data packing and caching were designed in CPU. In practical applications， the timing control of the design is reliable and the communication to PC is stable， which fully meet the requirements of the products.
Key words: dual-frequency induction logging； timing control； Manchester coding and decoding； PC communication

18. 基于PC104的转向架称重加载测控系统的设计
马建伟， 陈春俊， 常 霞
（西南交通大学机械学院，四川 成都 610031）

摘 要：介绍了基于PC104-XPE操作系统的转向架称重加载测控系统的硬件结构和软件流程，针对采集和控制的实时性问题，引入了RTX，同时解决了对底层硬件接口的访问问题，为使两边加载高效且同步，采用加载力与位移控制相结合、开环与闭环控制相结合、定值控制与误差补偿控制相结合的复合控制算法。实验调试结果表明，各项指标均达到实际要求。

关键词：转向架；PC104系统；XPE操作系统；复合控制
中图分类号：TH715.1；TP273+.5 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0062-04

Design of the bogie’s weighing and loading control system based on PC104-XPE
MA Jian-wei， CHEN Chun-jun， CHANG Xia
（School of Mechanical Engineering，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031，China）

Abstract: The hardware structure and the software flow of the bogie’s weighing and loading control system based on PC104-XPE were introduced. By introducing RTX into the system， the difficulties in real-time acquisition and controlling was well solved. The problem encountered in accessing hardware interface was also solved. In addition， integrated control arithmetic was used to ensure the efficient and synchronized loading of both sides. The field debugging results showed that performance of the system could meet the requirements for practical application.

Key words: bogie； PC104； XPE operating system； compound control

19. 基于ARM的嵌入式多路远程视频监控系统的设计
赵书朵， 谌海云， 高凤水， 武卫丽
（西南石油大学，四川 成都 610500）

摘 要：介绍了一种基于ARM和Windows CE嵌入式操作系统的多路远程视频监控系统。系统以Windows CE 5.0作为软件开发平台，以Intel公司生产的ARM芯片PXA270为硬件核心，采用罗技摄像头进行实时图像采集，经JPEG压缩算法进行编码压缩后，通过以太网发送到远程PC监控端，在PC监控端通过监控端软件可以实时观看远程服务器的视频图像，并实现了对摄像头云台的远程控制。

关键词：视频监控；ARM芯片；Windows CE 5.0系统；JPEG算法；云台控制
中图分类号：TN948.7；TP277 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0066-03

Design of embedded multi-channel remote video monitor and control system based on ARM
ZHAO Shu-duo， CHEN Hai-yun， GAO Feng-shui， WU Wei-li
（Southwest Petroleum University，Chengdu 610500，China）

Abstract: A multi-channel remote video surveillance system has been introduced， which was based on ARM and Windows CE embedded operating system. Windows CE 5.0 and Intel ARM chip， PXA270 were used as the software platform and core processing respectively. The system used a Logitech USB camera to collect images， then compressed by JPEG compression algorithm. Finally the images was sent to the remote PC monitor via Ethernet. The experimental results indicate that the remote real-time video images can be watched and the remote PTZ cameras in the PC monitor can be controlled.
Key words: video surveillance； ARM； windows CE 5.0； JPEG； PTZ control

20. 高速激光雕刻机嵌入式控制系统开发
林 琳1， 梅 莉2， 叶晓燕2
（1. 电子科技大学计算机学院，四川 成都 610054； 2. 克拉玛依职业技术学院电子电气工程系，新疆 克拉玛依 833600）

摘 要：以ARM9和FPGA作为核心处理器，并以Windows CE.NET 5.0作为开发平台，采用了多线程技术实现各功能模块的并发处理，研制了一种基于嵌入式平台的高速激光雕刻控制系统。为实现能量补偿，设计了调节电路来调节激光器输出功率的大小。针对高速激光雕刻的特点，着重分析了一种改进型S曲线加减速控制方法，并将其应用于系统设计中。系统已经用于某类激光雕刻机，实现了高速高精度雕刻。

关键词：激光雕刻；ARM处理器；FPGA器件；Windows CE操作系统；S曲线加减速
中图分类号：TN249；TP273+.5 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0069-04

Development embedded control system for high speed laser carving
LIN Lin1， MEI Li2， YE Xiao-yan2
（1. School of Computer Science，University of Electronic Science and Technology of China，Chengdu 610054，China；2. Department of Electronical and Electrical Engineering，Karamay Vocational and Technical College，Karamay 833600，China）

Abstract: A design of high-speed laser carving control system based on embedded system was presented. ARM and FPGA are the kernel processors of the control system， which takes Windows CE.NET 5.0 as the software development platform and implements concurrent processing of the functional modules by the multithread technique. A regulating circuit by which the laser output power can be adjusted was designed to engrave multi-grey image. The paper emphatically analyzed an improved S-curve acceleration and deceleration control method for high speed laser sculpture. It was proved that the control system can effectively improve the efficiency and the processing quality of high-speed laser engraving machine.

Key words: laser carving； ARM； FPGA； Windows CE； S-curve acceleration and deceleration

21. 基于FPGA的TFT-LCD液晶显示模块设计
张超建， 王厚军
（电子科技大学自动化工程学院，四川 成都 611731）

摘 要：针对多片显存驱动TFT-LCD液晶显示方法所带来的控制复杂、不易布线等情况，提出了一种基于FPGA的单片SRAM驱动LCD模块的新方法，并加以实现。采用FPGA完成LCD显示时序的产生、显示图像处理、单片SRAM读写切换控制等功能，有效节约了系统资源，大幅度减少了成本开支，已成功应用于某款数字存储示波器中。经验证，该方案控制简单、显示稳定，具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：FPGA技术；显存；液晶显示屏；总线仲裁；数字存储示波器
中图分类号：TM935.39；TN949.192 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0073-03

Design of TFT-LCD liquid crystal display module based on FPGA
ZHANG Chao-jian， WANG Hou-jun
（School of Automation Engineering， University of Electronic Science and Technology of China， Chengdu 611731，China）

Abstract: A new method of driving LCD module by single-chip SRAM based on FPGA is proposed and implemented for solving problems in the control and wiring of the traditional display method in which TFT-LCD is driven by multi-chip display RAM. Functions are fulfilled on a FPGA chip， including sequence generator， image information processing， switch operation of the single-chip SRAM， and so on. This method saves the system resources effectively， reduces the expenditure significantly， and has been applied to a certain digital storage oscilloscope successfully. The characteristics of easy control and stable display possessed by this method have been verified. The method has broad application prospect.

Key words: FPGA； display RAM； LCD； bus arbitration； digital storage oscilloscope

22. 一种MASH1-1-1结构∑-Δ调制器设计及应用
潘林杰， 王志刚， 师奕兵
（电子科技大学自动化工程学院，四川 成都 611731）

摘 要：为了抑制小数分频锁相环产生的量化噪声，提高锁相环的性能，设计并实现了一种基于FPGA的MASH1-1-1结构∑-Δ调制器。根据小数分频锁相环的原理，分析了量化噪声产生的原因，详细介绍了在小数频率合成器中应用∑-Δ调制器进行噪声整形的基本原理及在FPGA中的实现方法。仿真结果表明，经过MASH1-1-1三阶∑-Δ调制器整形后的量化噪声大部分被推到频率高端，只有小部分噪声能量还留在环路带宽内，有效地提高了锁相环的性能。

关键词：∑-Δ调制器；小数分频器；频率合成器；现场可编程门阵列；量化噪声
中图分类号：TM935.1；TN74 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0076-03

Design and application of ∑-Δ modulator based on MASH1-1-1 architecture
PAN Lin-jie， WANG Zhi-gang， SHI Yi-bing
（School of Automation Engineering，University of Electronic Science and Technology of China，Chengdu 611731，China）

Abstract: In order to suppress quantization noise occurring in fractional-N and improve the performance of PLL， a MASH1-1-1 Architecture Σ-Δ modulator was designed based on FPGA. According to the principle of fractional-N PLL， the reasons leading to quantization noise were analyzed. The principle of ∑-Δ modulator applied to the Fractional-N Frequency Synthesis and its realization in FPGA was introduced in detail. Simulation results show that most noise is transferred to high frequency region by the third-order MASH1-1-1 Σ-Δ modulator and only little noise energy remains in the loop bandwidth， thus the performance of PLL is effectively improved.

Key words: ∑-Δ modulator； fractional divider； frequency synthesis； FPGA； quantization noise

23. 基于CFX和Workbench的数值仿真技术
李丽丹， 李 声
（中科院光电技术研究所，四川 成都 610209）

摘 要：为分析超音速风洞中飞行器模型支撑机构工作可靠性，利用Ansys CFX和Workbench软件，研究了此结构的强度和刚度。首先在CFX中进行外流场分析，再将得到的固体表面温度和压力导入Workbench中进行热结构耦合分析，从而实现了流热固耦合仿真分析，得到结构应力和变形。该方法涉及流场、温度场和应力场，可以大大提高数值仿真效率，对于CAE工程分析人员具有很大的借鉴意义。

关键词：数值仿真；流热固耦合；CFX软件；Workbench软件；风洞
中图分类号：V249；TP391.9 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0079-02

Numerical simulation technology based on CFX and Workbench software
LI Li-dan， LI Sheng
（Institute of Optics and Electronics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Chengdu 610209，China）

Abstract: In order to check reliability of the supporter for boiler-plate model in supersonic wind tunnel， its strength and rigidity are analyzed using Ansys CFX and Workbench software. Firstly， the flow field result is analyzed by CFX， and then the temperature and pressure of the solid faces are transferred to Workbench for further thermal structural analyses. Thus the stress and deformation of the model can be obtained by the fluid-thermal-solid interaction. This method can provides the information about flow fields， thermal fields and stress fields， and can enhance the efficiency of the numerical simulation significantly.

Key words: numerical simulation； fluid-thermal-solid interaction； CFX； workbench； wind tunnel

24. GPRS在远程监控地铁振动中的应用
吴帮明， 伍川辉
（西南交通大学机械工程学院，四川 成都 610031）

摘 要：在不影响列车正常运营的情况下，对地铁列车运行时的性能及安全性进行实时跟踪监测。利用GPRS无线通信技术的特点和优势，服务器端采用动态IP地址的组网方式，应用C++ Builder开发平台设计了一套用于远程监控广州地铁直线电机车辆振动的软件，实现了多用户可在任何接入Internet的地方对车辆运行状态进行实时监控。实验证明，该系统工作可靠，达到了实时监测的目的。

关键词：GPRS技术；地铁；C++ Builder平台；服务器端软件；客服端软件
中图分类号：U482.4；TP277 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0081-03

Application of GPRS in remote monitoring in subway vibration
WU Bang-ming， WU Chuan-hui
（College of Mechanical Engineering，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031，China）

Abstract: Without affecting the normal operation of the train， the performance and safety of the train should be monitored in real-time. Taking the features and advantages of GPRS and with a server using the Networking Method by dynamic IP address， a set of software for remote monitoring was designed with C++ Builder. Using the softaware， users can monitor the performance of trains at any place having Internet connection. Experiments show that the system is applicable for real-time monitoring purposes with good reliability.

Key words: GPRS； subway； C++ builder； server software； client software

25. 基于FPGA的中频采集系统设计
姜 磊， 黄建国， 李 力
（电子科技大学自动化工程学院，四川 成都 611731）

摘 要：为了实现中频调制信号的分析，根据软件无线电的设计思想，设计实现了基于FPGA的中频采集系统。系统以FPGA器件Cyclone II EP2C35F672I8作为核心处理芯片，利用单片FPGA实现了高速数据流的数据缓存、高速数据存储以及总线数据传输。实验表明，该中频采集系统性能稳定，操作简单，采集数据符合上层软件分析处理的要求，具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：FPGA器件；数据采集；乒乓操作；DMA传输
中图分类号：TN911.6；TP274+.2 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0084-04

Design of intermediate frequency acquisition system based on FPGA
JIANG Lei， HUANG Jian-guo， LI Li
（School of Automation Engineering，University of Electronic Science and Technology of China，Chengdu 611731，China）

Abstract: With software radio design ideas， an intermediate frequency acquisition system was designed， on the basis of FPGA， to achieve the analysis of IF modulated signal. The system realizes the data caching， high-speed data storage and CPCI bus data transfer with the single FPGA device Cyclone II EP2C35F672I8 as controlling unit. Experimental results show that this intermediate frequency acquisition system is stable and simple， and the data acquisition is satisfied with the software requirements. So this system has wide prospect.

Key words: FPGA； data acquisition； ping-pang operation； DMA transfer

26. 实现仪器可互换的开关驱动程序设计
钟建林， 齐玉东， 辛旭光， 何 友
（海军航空工程学院，山东 烟台 264001）

摘 要：大型自动测试系统中使用的开关模块包括多种型号，来自不同厂商。实现测试程序与具体物理开关仪器控制指令无关，可以提高测试程序的可重用性、可移植性和仪器的互换性。基于虚拟仪器可互换（IVI）技术的思想，分析了实现仪器可互换的技术框架，提出了开关类驱动的设计要求，最后通过一个工程上的实例说明了实现仪器可互换的开关类驱动的具体开发过程。

关键词：自动测试系统；仪器可互换技术；类驱动程序；物理驱动程序；测试程序
中图分类号：TJ09；TP311.52 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0088-03

Design of switch driver implementing instrument interchangeable technology
ZHONG Jian-lin， QI Yu-dong， XIN Xu-guang， HE You
（Naval Aeronautical and Astronautical University，Yantai 264001，China）

Abstract: Large-size integrated automatic test system includes multiple types of switch models from different instrument vendors. The independence of the test program from the physical switches control codes promotes reusability and portability of the test program， as well as the instrument interchangeability. Basing on the idea of the interchangeability of virtual instrument (IVI) technology， the software framework implementing instrument interchangeable technology was put forward， as well as the design idea of the switch class driver. An engineering example illustrated the developing process of the class driver and its physical driver.

Key words: automatic test system； instrument interchangeable technology； class driver； physical driver； test program

27. Excel软件在岩矿化学分析质量控制中的应用
邱富容， 徐志明， 左天明， 李 霞
（四川省核工业地质局分析测试中心，四川 成都 610503）

摘 要：为了提高地质实验室质量控制工作效率，尤其是提高大批量同种岩矿化学分析质量控制工作的效率，运用常用的办公软件——Excel软件所具有的强大的制表、统计和函数功能，以磷矿中CaO的分析质量检查表（精密度检查）、质量控制表（准确度检查）和质量控制图的制作为例，详细阐述了Excel软件在岩矿化学分析质量控制中参数统计和图表制作的应用方法。

关键词：Excel软件；岩矿化学分析；质量控制；精密度；准确度
中图分类号：TE258+.3；TP311.52 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0091-03

Application of Excel software in quality control of rock and mineral chemical analysis
QIU Fu-rong， XU Zhi-ming， ZUO Tian-ming， LI Xia
（Analysis Center，Sichuan Nuclear Geology Survey Institute，Chengdu 610503，China）

Abstract: To improve the efficiency of quality control for geological analyses， especially for analyzing a large number of the same kinds of samples， Excel software which is powerful in statistics and diagram making was used to process the data. As an example， the quality checklist （to check precision）， the quality control form （to check accuracy） and the quality control chart were made for the CaO analyses of the rock phosphate， the applications of Excel software on statistic parameter calculation and diagram making in rock and mineral chemical analysis was explicated for quality control.

Key words: Excel； rock & mineral chemical analysis； quality control； precision； accuracy

28. 基于某型导弹电视测角仪的图像处理算法研究
高伟伟， 王竹林， 张自宾， 贾 波
（军械工程学院四系，河北 石家庄 050003）

摘 要：通过分析弹标信号和不同干扰信号的特点，分别对背景信号和弹标信号建模，提出了使用检测信号能量衰减幅度来捕获弹标信号的方法，为进一步研究复杂战场环境下弹标信号的识别提供了一个新的思路。结合连通区域形心位置计算方法，根据数字图像中目标位置与像素位置的映射关系，快速有效地提取出弹标信号质心坐标，实现了导弹实时跟踪与控制。

关键词：电视检测；运动目标识别算法；图像处理；建模技术；抗干扰技术
中图分类号：TJ760；TP753 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1674-5124（2010）05-0094-03

Study on image processing method for certain missile based on TV goniometer
GAO Wei-wei， WANG Zhu-lin， ZHANG Zi-bin， JIA Bo
（Department 4，Ordnance Engineering College，Shijiazhuang 050003，China）

Abstract: By analyzing the characteristic of missile signal and some kinds of interferential signal， the models of background and missile signal were developed. Using the model， the target signal can be captured through inspecting the energy attenuation of signals. Using the method for calculating the center of area and according to the mapping relationship between destination and pixel position in the digital image， missile coordinate can be obtained rapidly. Therefore，the missile can be tracked and controlled in real-time. This work provides a new way for the recognition of missile signal in complex battlefield environment.

Key words: TV detection； method of motion identification； image processing； modeling； anti-interference technology